Effects of Weight Loss on Diabetes: A Practice Inquiry Project

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this practice inquiry project was to evaluate the impact of weight loss on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The overall goal of this project was to learn improved ways of treating diabetes and how to better achieve glycemic control in these individuals. The expected primary outcome was improved hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as weight loss was achieved. Expected secondary outcomes included decreased serum glucose, weight, BMI, blood pressure, and waist circumference. Methods: A secondary analysis of quantitative data from the initiation of a weight management program and throughout patient participation was conducted. This information was collected and documented, and a series of statistical tests were conducted to examine the overall impact of the intervention on key indicators and test relationships between certain variables. The study sample included 21 patients, studied over a 90-day program. All participants had a diagnosis of T2DM, obesity, and hypertension. Measurements were taken at baseline, 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days. Measurements included weight in pounds, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, body fat percentage, waist circumference, HbA1c, and glucose levels. Results: The participants experienced a significant reduction in these measurements at each of the four measurements (Baseline, 30, 60, 90 days), though not all were considered statistically significant. Conclusion: The weight loss program improved patient outcomes by decreasing weight, BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, glucose, and HbA1c levels. This reduction of risks and complications of diabetes improves the quality of life of patients with diabetes.