Lin, Rhoda Luo-TingIrvine, Joshua LelemiaKao, J. C. M.Yang, P. Y.2022-12-072022-12-072009-05-01Lin, R.LT., Irvine, J.L., Kao, J.C.M. et al. EMMC technology for treatment/reuse of dilute dairy wastewater. Clean Techn Environ Policy (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-009-0228-1http://hdl.handle.net/10790/7299A rural dairy farm located on the island of Oahu, Hawaii needed to upgrade current lagoon treatment system for further reuse as floor flushing and crop irrigation. This is a comprehensive bench scale and pilot plant study to evaluate the potential biological treatment and reuse systems. Systems evaluated include: (1) pre-existing lagoon system, (2) integrated anaerobic BIO-NEST/aerobic EMMC (entrapped mixed microbial cell) system, (3) aerobic EMMC reactor only system. Based upon a comprehensive economic evaluation and sensitivity analysis, the EMMConly system achieved the best effluent quality for simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen. The pilot study of the EMMC-only reactor achieved an overall of 78% TCOD, 63% SCOD, 65% TN, and 96% soluble NH3-N removal efficiencies (HRT 12 h, continuous aeration). Implementing this system would cost about $0.25 a cow/ day to remove a ton of organic TCOD ($88.10/cow/year). The information presented provides a model for animal producers to consider in evaluating alternatives to upgrade existing waste management facilities.9 pagesen-USAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesDilute dairy wastewaterEntrapped mixed microbial cellTreated wastewater reuseCarbon and nitrogen removalWastewater Treatment alternativesEconomic evaluationArticle10.1007/s10098-009-0211-x