Browsing by Author "Hart, Patrick J."
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Item Development of new bioacoustics tools to monitor and better understand populations of two critically endangered bird species on Maui(2022-12) Kekiwi, Erika; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Helicopter noise in Hawaiʻi's protected natural areas changes temporal characteristics of songbird vocalizations(2019-12) Gallardo Cruz, Karen; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF THE CLOACAL MICROBIOME IN AVIAN MALARIA SUSCEPTIBILITY IN HAWAIIAN HONEYCREEPERS(2021-12) Navine, Amanda Katherine; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Linking avian vocal behaviors and resource selection using a novel broadcast transmitter technology(2019-12) Netoskie, Erin Caleigh; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Pockets and Pathways to Invasion: Developing Improved Mosquito Monitoring in High Elevation Forests on Hawaiʻi Island(2023-05) Mladinich, Stephanie K.; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Roosting Ecology and Behavior of the Solitary and Foliage-roosting Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus)(2020-05) Montoya-Aiona, Kristina Marie; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Signal Interactions Between Native and Introduced Forest Birds of Hawaiʻi Island and Predicting Distance of Signals from Their Energy(2023-12) Hunt, Noah James; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Targeting Infection at the Source: evaluating the efficacy of semiochemical repellent compounds in the management of rapid ʻōhiʻa death-associated ambrosia beetles(2024-05) Mikros, Dan; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem The Influence of Landscape Configuration On ‘Ōma‘o (Myadestes obscurus) Song Diversity(2018-06) Fernandez, Nicole; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceIn many species, acoustic communication in the form of songs is a learned behavior that can be culturally transmitted throughout a population and passed down from one generation to the next. Through time songs can change when populations become isolated from one another, creating dialects that are distinct to a population. Geographic barriers and habitat fragmentation are isolating mechanisms that can influence differences in songs between populations. In this study, I characterized and analyzed songs of the ‘ōma‘o in a continuous and fragmented landscape to determine how landscape variables influence song differences between populations. In a fragmented landscape I chose five fragments of different sizes and distance to record song in and in a continuous forest I chose three stations that were 300 meters apart to record ‘ōma‘o song. I performed a correlation test to determine if there was a relationship between fragment size and total syllables and also between unique syllable and degree of isolation. I also did a mantel test to determine if distance had an influence on song similarity. The results indicated that songs from larger landscape fragments tended to have higher syllable diversity, and neither connectivity nor distance was related to the number of unique syllables found within a fragment. Overall, the results suggest that ‘ōma‘o songs are highly variable at the individual level and that there may even be little to no syllable sharing within and among populations.Item THE URBANIZATION OF THE HAWAIIAN STILT (HIMANTOPUS MEXICANUS KNUDSENI): MEETING THE NEW NEIGHBORS(2020-08) Kawasaki, Martha T.; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem THE URBANIZATION OF THE HAWAIIAN STILT (HIMANTOPUS MEXICANUS KNUDSENI): MEETING THE NEW NEIGHBORS(2020-08) Kawasaki, Martha T.; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem USING VOCALIZATIONS TO MONITOR HOW CAPTIVE BRED ˊALALĀ (CORVUS HAWAIIENSIS) ARE ADAPTING TO THE WILD(2022-05) Justice, Robert Lee; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceItem Variability in the Repertoires and Singing Behavior of Male and Female ‘I‘iwi (Drepanis coccinea)(2019-07) Beck, Angela Tiare; Hart, Patrick J.; Tropical Conservation Biology & Environmental ScienceOscine passerines (songbirds) are notable for their complex, learned songs and an immense variability of vocal characteristics across the clade. Studying oscine vocal behavior can teach us about the selection forces that drive songbird evolution, but more research is needed on many species, especially with regard to female singing in tropical, monomorphic species. In this study, I cataloged and described the vocalizations and vocal behaviors of ‘i‘iwi (Drepanis coccinea), a Hawaiian honeycreeper, and compared male and female repertoire size, repertoire content, and vocalization rate. I recorded the vocalizations and behavior of individual ‘i‘iwi at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, then examined spectrograms of ‘i‘iwi vocalizations, classified syllable types, and recorded quantitative measurements of time and frequency for each syllable. I selected seven male and six female ‘i‘iwi for statistical analysis. I observed whisper song, duetting, female solo singing, and females vocalizing from the nest among other behaviors, and was able to characterize a few common modes of ‘i‘iwi vocal behavior. I found no significant difference between male and female ‘i‘iwi in repertoire size, rate of vocalization, or proportion of shared syllables. A network analysis for modularity found that ‘i‘iwi repertoires are significantly modular, but modules mostly comprised single individuals rather than grouping ‘i‘iwi by sex. Additional measurements showed that ‘i‘iwi repertoires were highly individualistic. Overall, this study reveals previously unknown details about ‘i‘iwi vocal behavior and provides a baseline of knowledge that will contribute to ‘i‘iwi population monitoring tools and provide insight into the evolution of behavioral traits in ‘i‘iwi, among Hawaiian forest birds, and among songbirds worldwide.