Integrating an anaerobic Bio-nest and an aerobic EMMC process as pretreatment of dairy wastewater for reuse: a pilot plant study
| dc.contributor.author | Kongsil, Piyalerg | |
| dc.contributor.author | Irvine, Joshua Lelemia | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yang, P. Y. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-01-04T00:22:19Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-01-04T00:22:19Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2009-04-02 | |
| dc.description.abstract | A large dairy farm located on the island of Oahu, Hawaii was the site for an investigation for the potential integration of the existing facultative lagoon system with a cost effective pretreatment unit process. Based on the results from a laboratory study, a pilot plant was installed with two anaerobic bioreactors (10 m 3 each) and one aerobic reactor (3.8 m 3 ). Two layers of media ββBio-nest,ββ providing a void volume of 98%, were placed into each anaerobic bioreactor with 19% space-based on the bioreactor water volume. For better performance and reduction of shock-load, the equalization/settling tank was employed prior to the first anaerobic Bio-nest reactor. The intermediate holding tank settled effluent suspended solids from the Bio-nest reactor and adjusted the loading rate in order to improve the performance of the aerobic EMMC (entrapped mixed microbial cell) bioreactors. Based on the start-up operation of the Bio-nest system at an organic loading rate of about 1.5 g TCOD/l/day, the production rate of biogas from the first and second Bio-nest reactors was 0.64 and 0.15 l/l/day, respectively. This indicates that the anaerobic degradation of organics occurs mainly in the first Bio-nest reactor due to the low loading rate. The removal efficiency from the Bio-nest system shows TCOD removal of about 70%. The EMMC process provided further treatment to achieve a removal efficiency of TCOD at about 50% and a TN of about 35%. The cost for these pretreatments in order to be integrated with the existing lagoon system is US $1.1 per 1,000 gallons (3.8 m3 ) for dairy wastewater and $91 for each ton of TCOD removal. This integration system provides a sustainable improvement of environment and agricultural production. | en_US |
| dc.format.extent | 11 pages | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | Kongsil, P., Irvine, J.L. & Yang, P.Y. Integrating an anaerobic Bio-nest and an aerobic EMMC process as pretreatment of dairy wastewater for reuse: a pilot plant study. <em>Clean Techn Environ Policy</em> 12, 301β311 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-009-0211-x | en_US |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1007/s10098-009-0211-x | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10790/7302 | |
| dc.language.iso | en-US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Springer Link | en_US |
| dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-009-0211-x | en_US |
| dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ | * |
| dc.subject | Anaerobic Bio-nest | en_US |
| dc.subject | Biogas | en_US |
| dc.subject | Dairy wastewater | en_US |
| dc.subject | Entrapped mixed microbial cell | en_US |
| dc.subject | Existing lagoon | en_US |
| dc.title | Integrating an anaerobic Bio-nest and an aerobic EMMC process as pretreatment of dairy wastewater for reuse: a pilot plant study | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |
| dc.type.dcmi | Text | en_US |
| prism.endingpage | 311 | en_US |
| prism.publicationname | Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy | en_US |
| prism.startingpage | 301 | en_US |
| prism.volume | 12 | en_US |