Tsukayama, Eli
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Open-mindedness predicts racial, political, and socioeconomic diversity of real-world friendship networks(2025-04-03) Yeji Park; Kate M. Turetsky; Angela L. Duckworth; Eli TsukayamaEven in environments offering ample opportunities to interact with people from diverse backgrounds, people differ in their tendency to form intergroup friendships. Whereas some develop intergroup friendships, others prefer befriending ingroup members, contributing to prejudice and polarization. We identify open-mindedness—an inclination to engage with and understand different perspectives—as an individual difference predicting the racial, political, and socioeconomic diversity of real-world friendship networks. In a longitudinal study of 1,423 eighth–ninth graders, more open-minded adolescents developed more racially diverse friendship networks over 2 years. Two additional studies (total N = 1,585 adults) replicated and extended this finding: Open-mindedness predicted greater racial, political, and socioeconomic diversity of friends, and was more consistently associated with friendship diversity than Big Five openness to experience. The associations between open-mindedness and friendship diversity were partly explained by open-minded individuals’ lower avoidance of interaction with outgroup members. Building open-mindedness may be one individual-level approach to promote friendships across divides.Item A megastudy of text-based nudges encouraging patients to get vaccinated at an upcoming doctor’s appointment(National Academy of Sciences, 2021-05-18) Milkman, Katherine L.; Patelb, Mitesh S.; Gandhi, Linnea; Graci, Heather N.; Gromet, Dena M.; Ho, Hung; Kay, Joseph S.; Lee, Timothy W.; Akinola, Modupe; Beshears, John; Bogard, Jonathan E.; Buttenheim, Alison; Chabris, Christopher F.; Chapman, Gretchen B.; Choi, James J.; Dai, Hengchen; Fox, Craig R.; Goren, Amir; Hilchey, Matthew D.; Hmurovic, Jillian; John, Leslie K.; Karlan, Dean; Kim, Melanie; Laibson, David; Lamberton, Cait; Madrian, Brigitte C.; Meyer, Michelle N.; Modanu, Maria; Nam, Jimin; Rogersu, Todd; Rondina, Renate; Saccardo, Silvia; Shermohammed, Maheen; Soman, Dilip; Sparks, Jehan; Warren, Caleb; Weber, Megan; Berman, Ron; Evans, Chalanda N.; Snider, Christopher K.; Tsukayama, Eli; Bulte, Christophe Van den; Volpp, Kevin G.; Duckworth, Angela L.Many Americans fail to get life-saving vaccines each year, and the availability of a vaccine for COVID-19 makes the challenge of encouraging vaccination more urgent than ever. We present a large field experiment (N = 47,306) testing 19 nudges delivered to patients via text message and designed to boost adoption of the influenza vaccine. Our findings suggest that text messages sent prior to a primary care visit can boost vaccination rates by an average of 5%. Overall, interventions performed better when they were 1) framed as reminders to get flu shots that were already reserved for the patient and 2) congruent with the sort of communications patients expected to receive from their healthcare provider (i.e., not surprising, casual, or interactive). The best-performing intervention in our study reminded patients twice to get their flu shot at their upcoming doctor’s appointment and indicated it was reserved for them. This successful script could be used as a template for campaigns to encourage the adoption of life-saving vaccines, including against COVID-19.